Data access service queries

ABSTRACT

A technique includes selectively obtaining information stored in a business warehouse. Such a technique may include selecting a data access service from a library during run-time and presenting data within the business warehouse using the selected data access service. The library may contain at least one data access service for each of the plurality of on-line analytical processing data access queries. Related apparatus, systems, computer program products, and computer systems are also described.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This subject matter described herein relates to accessing businesswarehouse data, and more particularly to on-line analytical processing.

BACKGROUND

Business warehouse arrangements are becoming increasingly popular asenterprises aggregate data from disparate sources. Information stored inbusiness warehouses may be used, for example, by tools that visualizesuch data for analytical purposes (e.g., pivot tables, slice and dicemechanisms, drilldown capabilities, etc.) or for presentation purposes(e.g., charts, cockpits, etc.).

Data from within a business warehouse may be obtained in response to anon-line analytical processing (OLAP) query. OLAP queries may retrievesubsets of data stored within a business warehouse. Queries may also beused to provide supporting infrastructure such as aggregation,evaluation of conditions, and calculation of additional number notdirectly provided by the business warehouse.

In order to facilitate responses to an OLAP query, the underlying datais stored in a multi-dimensional cube format. Each axis of the cubecontains identifiers from a field column in a database table and isreferred to as a dimension. For example, a first dimension may containproduct names, a second dimension may contain store names, and a thirddimension may contain measures relating to the various products andstores (e.g., volume, cost, revenue, etc.). In most cases, a dimensionis comprised of the same class of objects.

The outputs resulting from OLAP queries are typically complex resultsets that may consist of information for row headers, column headers,and all data cells. If an OLAP query result is too complex, businessprocesses may be disrupted and processing resources may be unnecessarilyconsumed.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, a method for selectively obtaining information stored ina business warehouse comprises selecting a data access service from alibrary during run-time, wherein the library contains at least one dataaccess service for each of a plurality of on-line analytical processingdata access queries, and presenting data within the business warehouseusing the selected data access service.

There are also numerous other variations that may be implemented singlyor in combination with the generation (or definition) of a data accessservice.

In one variation, the method may additionally comprise receiving anon-line analytical processing data access query having dimensions andmeasures, selecting input parameters from the dimensions of the dataaccess query, selecting output parameters from at least one of thedimensions and measures of the data access query, generating a dataaccess service based on the selected input and output parameters, andstoring the data access service in the library.

The method may also include presenting a user with a series ofinterrogatories within a graphical user interface (e.g., a wizardprocess) to select at least one of the input and output parameters.

Various actions may be taken in order to select the input and/or outputparameters. For example, the method may further comprise selecting atleast one dimension of the data access service query in a row or acolumn format as an input parameter. Output parameters or non-mandatoryinput parameters may be selectively removed. Input parametercapabilities may be restricted from a multiple value input to a singlevalue input. Input parameter values may be overwritten with defaultinput parameter values. Other filtering/selection schemes may beimplemented based on the desired configuration and output.

The method may also provide that a single measure or a single dimensionof the data access service query is selected as an output parameter.Optionally or in addition, the method may further comprise filteringquery data along a dimension corresponding to the selected inputparameter of the data access service

All dimension may be aggregated with the exception of any dimensionsspecified as an output of the data access service. In some variations, adescription is associated for each data access service. Suchdescriptions may be used in order to select an appropriate data accessservice (by, for example, word searching).

In another aspect, a computer-implemented method for generating a dataaccess service comprises receiving an on-line analytical processing dataaccess query having dimensions and measures, selecting input parametersfrom the dimensions of the data access query, selecting outputparameters from at least one of the dimensions and measures of the dataaccess query, and generating a data access service based on the selectedinput and output parameters. This method may optionally also includestoring a plurality of generated data access services in a library.

In yet another aspect, an apparatus to selectively obtain informationstored in a business warehouse comprises a selection unit to select adata access service from a library during run-time, wherein the librarycontains at least one data access service for each of a plurality ofon-line analytical processing queries, and a presentation unit topresent data within the business warehouse using the selected dataaccess service.

The apparatus may, in some variations, also include a receiver toreceive an on-line analytical processing data access query havingdimensions and measures, a selection unit to select input parametersfrom measures of the data access query and to select output parametersfrom at least one of the dimensions and measures of the data accessquery, and a generator to generate a data access service based on theselected input and output parameters.

In another aspect, a technique may be used to define a data accessservice based on existing queries. Such a technique may allow dataaccess services to be accurately defined and a user to define the dataaccess service via a wizard process for existing queries. If anappropriate query does not exist, then an infrastructure for buildingqueries may be reused for building data access services. That way, forthe processing of a data access service, the capabilities of the querymay be reused.

The technique may include a heuristic portion during the definition of adata access service and during the processing of a data access service.During definition of a data access service, the input and output of thedata access service may be defined based on the dimensions and measuresin a query. For example, all dimensions of a query that are in rows andcolumns may be selected as a possible input of the data access service.One of the measures of the query may be defined as a possible output ofthe data access service. Moreover, the data access service may bedefined such that only one dimension or one measure can be output.

The technique may further include using OLAP capabilities of queriesduring the processing of the data access services in order to reduce thecomplexity of a result set output from the data access service. Thiscomplexity reduction may be accomplished, for example, by applying allinput as filtering for an appropriate dimension. The complexityreduction may, additionally, or in the alternative, aggregate alldimensions with the exception of a dimension that has been specified asan output. Optionally, a list of dimension members may be returned ifthe output is a dimension or all dimensions may be aggregated and asingle number for that measure may be returned if the output is ameasure.

Computer program products, which may be embodied on computerreadable-material, are also described. Such computer program productsmay include executable instructions that cause a computer system toconduct one or more of the method acts described herein.

Similarly, computer systems are also described that may include aprocessor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory may encodeone or more programs that cause the processor to perform one or more ofthe method acts described herein.

The subject matter described herein may provide one or more of thefollowing advantages. For example, the subject matter described hereinallows business warehouse data to be made available as a semanticallyrich service (e.g., a data access service). Design tools for creatingsuch services are also provided and data access services may be executedat runtime. In addition, the data access services described herein mayexpose all types of data available in a business warehouse. Such datamay include master and fact data as well as a URL parameter container tocreate parameterized links to business warehouse queries/templates.

The subject matter described herein enables data access services toseamlessly work together with processes at design-time and at runtime.In addition, at process design time, a process design tool mayfacilitate the location and incorporation of data access services.

Data returned by a data access service may be mapped into a processcontext to further drive the data process (i.e., branch differentlydepending on the importance of a customer, etc.). Therefore, the resultof a data access service may be used to provide context specific accessto business intelligence data for a user working on a task generated bythe process.

The details of one or more variations of the subject matter describedherein are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the descriptionbelow. Other features and advantages of the subject matter describedherein will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from theclaims.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for providingaccess to data within a business warehouse;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus to provide access todata within a business warehouse;

FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for generating adata access service;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus to generate a dataaccess service;

FIG. 5 illustrates a sample system architecture useful for understandingand implementing the subject matter described herein; and

FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram illustrating a wizard process for usein defining a data access service.

Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a method 100 for selectively obtaining informationstored in a business warehouse. As step 110, a data access service isselected from a library during run-time. After the data access serviceselection, at step 120, data within the business warehouse may bepresented (or otherwise conveyed) using the selected data accessservice. The library may contain at least one data access service foreach of a plurality of on-line analytical processing data accessqueries.

FIG. 2 illustrates an apparatus 200 to selectively obtain informationstored in a business warehouse. The apparatus 200 may include aselection unit 210 that selects a data access service from a librarycontaining at least one data access service for each of a plurality ofOLAP queries during run-time. The apparatus 200 may also include apresentation unit 220 to present data within the business warehouseusing the selected data access service.

FIG. 3 illustrates a method 300 (inter-related to that of method 100)for generating a data access service. The method 300 may include, atstep 310, receiving an on-line analytical processing data access queryhaving dimensions and measures. At step 320, the method may continue byselecting input parameters from the dimensions of the data access queryand at step 330 by selecting output parameters from at least one of thedimensions and measures of the data access query. The method 300continues, at step 340, by generating a data access service based on theselected input and output parameters. In some variations, the method mayalso include storing the data access service in a library or otherrepository.

FIG. 4 illustrates an apparatus 400 for generating a data access servicethat may include a receiver 410 to receive an on-line analyticalprocessing data access query having dimensions and measures. Theapparatus 400 may further include a selection unit 420 to select inputparameters from measures of the data access query and to select outputparameters from at least one of the dimensions and measures of the dataaccess query. In addition, a generator 430 to generate a data accessservice based on the selected desired input and output parameters mayoptionally also form part of the apparatus 400.

The following provides optional variations for understanding andimplementing the subject matter described herein. These variations maybe combined where appropriate or may be added singly to the methods andapparatus described herein.

FIG. 5 illustrates a system architecture 500 including various connectedcomponents that may be useful for understanding and implementing thesubject matter described herein. A browser 502 provides a user withaccess to a server 512. A client 504 may be a module that uses a dataaccess service to obtain data from a business warehouse.

A Data Access Service Designer 514 (e.g., a business warehouse toolwhich may be web-based) may be used to build a Data Access Service 522.The Data Access Service Designer 514 may read specific information of anunderlying business warehouse object via a Data Access Service ProviderInterface 534. The Data Access Service Designer 514 may include anobject tagger 516 to attach semantic information to a service and itsinput and output parameters (from, for example, a tagging informationunit 520). Optionally, the object tagger 516 may be external to the DataAccess Service Designer 514. The tagging information 520 may bepersisted on a database in a business warehouse. External tools may beused to find an appropriate data access service via a Search API 524.

The Data Access Service Designer 514 provides a user interface forcreating and changing a Data Access Service 522. The Data AccessDesigner 514 may allow the selection of a specific business warehouseobject which may act as a DAS Provider 542. The Data Access ServiceDesigner 514 exposes a DAS Provider Interface 534 as data access servicewhich may allow: removal of output and/or non-mandatory inputparameters, setting of optional parameters to mandatory parameters,further restriction of input parameter capabilities (e.g., from multiplevalues to a single value), provision/overwriting of default values forinput parameters, and removal of mandatory variables. The Data AccessDesigner 514 may also allow semantic enrichment of parameters of thedata access service.

The Data Access Service 522 may be a business warehouse object type thatrepresents a service to obtain data from a business warehouse. Onepurpose of the Data Access Service 522 may be to provide access tobusiness warehouse data by means of pre-existing business warehouseobject types (e.g., query, infoobject with master data, etc.). The DataAccess Service 522 may be persisted on a business warehouse server indatabase tables.

A Data Access Service application programming interface (API) 526 may beused by the client 504 to initiate the Data Access Service 522. The APImay include a process design time API 528 (that may be called by processmodeling tools, such as the process designtime 506) and a processruntime part 530 (that may be called by process engines, such as theprocess runtime 508). The design time API may be used to obtain thedetails of the input and output parameters of a specific Data AccessService 522 and the run time API 530 may be used for actual requests fordata.

A Data Access Service Provider 542 that handles queries 544, templates548, and objects 546 may be accessed via a Data Access Service ProviderInterface 534 (which in turn includes a Service Provider Query module536, a Service Provider Template module 538, and a Service ProviderObject module 540). The Data Access Service Provider 542 wraps anexisting business warehouse object type (query, infoobject with masterdata, etc.) to expose its data as a data access service (i.e., the DASProvider 542 implements the Data Access Service Provider Interface 534).

At design-time, the client 504 finds the appropriate Data Access Service522 via the Search API 524. After that, access to the specified DataAccess Service 522 may be accomplished via the Data Access Services API526 (which is a set of interfaces implemented by the Data Access ServiceImplementation 532).

In some variations, a wizard process 600 as illustrated in FIG. 6 may beutilized by a Data Access Service Designer 514 to lead a user throughthe steps that may be used to create a data access service. A wizardprocess presents a user with a graphical user interface and a series ofsequential interrogatories which guide the user through the process ofdesigning a data access service. At step 610, the wizard may prompt theuser to select a desired service provider (e.g., query, template, masterdata, etc.). At step 620, the wizard may prompt the user to selectrequired input parameters and to create attributes for the parameters.At step 630, the wizard may prompt the user to select output parametersand to create attributes for the parameters. At step 640, the wizard mayprompt the user to describe the data access service and to createattributes for the service.

The description of input parameters may include, for example, data type(if the DAS provider is a query, the data type for input parameters maybe based on the associated characteristic), a flag indicating if thatinput parameter is mandatory for that service, additional flags thatindicate if the input parameter supports (a) multiple values (b)intervals, and/or (c) multiple intervals. The description of the outputparameters may include, for example, data type of the output parameter,a flag that indicates if the output parameter contains multiple values,additional flags that indicate if the output parameter may carry (a) acurrency, (b) a unit, and the like.

A typical data access service based on an OLAP query may, for example,have input parameters based on characteristics in the query (e.g.,department, fiscal year, etc.), and output parameters based on keyfigures in the query (e.g., budget). When such a data access service iscalled (e.g. with a specific fiscal year as input parameter value) itwould, by means of the heuristics described above, return as value forthe output parameter budget, the budget (aggregated over alldepartments) for that fiscal year. Alternatively, a call of the samedata access service with a specific fiscal year and a specificdepartment as input parameter values would return as value of the outputparameter budget, the budget of the specified department in thespecified fiscal year.

The attributes attached to (or otherwise associated with) input andoutput parameters of a data access service provide information toidentify the parameters and their respective functionality. For example,the attributes (e.g., service and parameter descriptions) may besearchable in order to facilitate the selection of a proper data accessservice. In some variations, a central repository may aggregateattributes for various data access services across multiple services(for example, a business warehouse as well as a Customer RelationshipManagement system into a Universal Description, Discovery andIntegration repository). Such attributes may also be used to generate alibrary of data access services.

Various implementations of the subject matter described herein may berealized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry,specially designed ASICs (application specific integrated circuits),computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof.These various implementations may include implementation in one or morecomputer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on aprogrammable system including at least one programmable processor, whichmay be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data andinstructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storagesystem, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

These computer programs (also known as programs, software, softwareapplications or code) include machine instructions for a programmableprocessor, and may be implemented in a high-level procedural and/orobject-oriented programming language, and/or in assembly/machinelanguage. As used herein, the term “machine-readable medium” refers toany computer program product, apparatus and/or device (e.g., magneticdiscs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)) used toprovide machine instructions and/or data to a programmable processor,including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructionsas a machine-readable signal. The term “machine-readable signal” refersto any signal used to provide machine instructions and/or data to aprogrammable processor.

To provide for interaction with a user, the subject matter describedherein may be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., aCRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) fordisplaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device(e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user may provide input tothe computer. Other kinds of devices may be used to provide forinteraction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to theuser may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback,auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may bereceived in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

The subject matter described herein may be implemented in a computingsystem that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), orthat includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), orthat includes a front-end component (e.g., a client computer having agraphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user mayinteract with an implementation of the subject matter described herein),or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-endcomponents. The components of the system may be interconnected by anyform or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communicationnetwork). Examples of communication networks include a local areanetwork (“LAN”), a wide area network (“WAN”), and the Internet.

The computing system may include clients and servers. A client andserver are generally remote from each other and typically interactthrough a communication network. The relationship of client and serverarises by virtue of computer programs running on the respectivecomputers and having a client-server relationship to each other.

Although a few variations have been described in detail above, othermodifications are possible. For example, the logic flow depicted in theaccompanying figures and described herein do not require the particularorder shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Otherembodiments may be within the scope of the following claims.

1. A method for selectively obtaining information stored in a businesswarehouse, the method comprising: requesting, by a client from a server,a list of available data access services, the list of data accessservices being part of a library containing at least one data accessservice for each of a plurality of on-line analytical processing dataaccess queries, the data access service being a service offered by theserver to the client to provide access to an on-line analyticalprocessing query performed at the server system through a service callto the data access service, the data access service having a predefinedselection of input parameters to define a selection of data from thequery and a predefined selection of a single output parameter to defineoutput data to be provided as a result of the selection of the data fromthe query based on the input parameters, at least one of the data accessservices being built using a data access service designer, the dataaccess service designer including an object tagger to attach semanticinformation to a service and its input and output parameters; invoking,by the client, a selected data access service from the list; andpresenting, at the client, data within the business warehouse using theselected data access service via a data access service provider wrappingan existing business warehouse object type to expose its data as thedata access service.
 2. A method as in claim 1, further comprising:receiving an on-line analytical processing data access query havingdimensions and measures; selecting input parameters from the dimensionsof the data access query; selecting output parameters from at least oneof the dimensions and measures of the data access query; generatinganother data access service based on the selected input and outputparameters; and storing the other data access service in the library. 3.A method as in claim 2, further comprising presenting a user with aseries of interrogatories within a graphical user interface to select atleast one of the input and output parameters.
 4. A method as in claim 2,further comprising selecting at least one dimension of the data accessservice query in a row or a column format as an input parameter.
 5. Amethod as in claim 2, further comprising selectively removing outputparameters or non-mandatory input parameters.
 6. A method as in claim 2,further comprising restricting input parameter capabilities from amultiple value input to a single value input.
 7. A method as in claim 2,further comprising overwriting input parameter values with default inputparameter values.
 8. A method as in claim 2, wherein a single measure ofthe data access service query is selected as an output parameter.
 9. Amethod as in claim 2, wherein a single dimension of the data accessservice query is selected as an output parameter.
 10. A method as inclaim 2, further comprising filtering query data along a dimensioncorresponding to the selected input parameter of the data accessservice.
 11. A method as in claim 2, further comprising aggregating alldimensions except for any dimension to be specified as an output of thedata access service.
 12. A method as in claim 2, further comprisingassociating a description for each data access service.
 13. A method asin claim 12, wherein the selecting a data access service from a librarycomprises conducting a word search of the descriptions associated witheach data access service.
 14. A method as in claim 1, wherein the dataaccess service designer provides a user interface for creating achanging a data access service.
 15. A method as in claim 14, wherein thedata access service designer allows a selection via the user interfaceof a specific business warehouse object to act as a data access serviceprovider.
 16. A method as in claim 15, wherein the data access servicedesigner exposes a data access service provider interface as a dataaccess service which allows one or more of: removal of output and/ornon-mandatory input parameters, setting of optional parameters tomandatory parameters, further restriction of input parametercapabilities, provision or overwriting of default values for inputparameters, and removal of mandatory variables.
 17. A method as in claim1, wherein the data access service designer allows semantic enrichmentof parameters of the data access service.
 18. A method as in claim 1,wherein the data access service is a business warehouse object type thatrepresents a service to obtain data from a business warehouse, the dataaccess service providing access to business warehouse data by means ofpre-existing business warehouse object types, wherein the data accessservice is persisted on a business warehouse service in database tables.19. A computer-implemented method for generating a data access service,the method comprising: receiving an on-line analytical processing dataaccess query having dimensions and measures; selecting input parametersfrom the dimensions of the data access query; selecting a single outputparameter from at least one of the dimensions and measures of the dataaccess query; generating a data access service based on the selectedinput and output parameters, the data access service being a serviceoffered by a server system to a client system to provide access to theon-line analytical processing query performed at the server systemthrough a service call to the data access service, the selected inputand output parameters serving as predefined criteria of the data accessservice to apply to the data access query in response to the servicecall; aggregating attributes from a plurality of generated data accessservices across multiple services in a central repository; andgenerating a library of data access services based on the aggregatedattributes, the library being accessible by a client at a server suchthat the client can select and invoke the data access services withinthe library; wherein at least one of the services is built using a dataaccess service that includes an object tagger to attach semanticinformation to a service and its input and output paramters.
 20. Amethod as in claim 19, further comprising: selecting, by the client, adata access service from the library; invoking, by the client, theselected data access service; and presenting data within the businesswarehouse using the selected data access service.